On the phase affinity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in PMMA:LDPE immiscible polymer blends

- MWCNTs located in the thermodynamically less favorable LDPE phase.
- MWCNT localization governed by polymer phase first to melt.
- Electrical conductivity determined by double percolation.
- Bulk linear viscoelasticity controlled by the major polymer phase.

The localization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in PMMA/LDPE blends was studied. Theoretical predictions suggested their preferential localization in the PMMA. Conversely, experimental work revealed that non-functionalized MWCNTs located in the LDPE, polymer first to melt. When the extrusion time is not long enough, the MWCNTs do not have the chance to further migrate to the thermodynamically most favourable phase. The evolution of a double percolation determined if the composite became semi-conductive. In that sense, two blends with PMMA to LDPE ratios of 80:20 and 20:80 containing 2 wt.% MWCNTs had electrical resistivity values in the order of 105 and 1012 Ω cm, respectively. Only in the 80:20 blend was the “effective” MWCNT concentration high enough such that electrical percolation was attained. However, bulk rheological properties were controlled by the major phase. Thus, 2 wt.% MWCNTs had a notable effect on the linear viscoelasticity at low frequencies of the 20:80 blend.

310