Nanofibrous hydrogel with stable electrical conductivity for biological applications

The resulted porous hydrogel was utilized as a substrate for the fabrication of PANi nanofibers. The obtained electrical conductivity was stabilized in the presence of CSA for the applications carried out at physiological pH. Ultimately, the 3D network of interpenetrating PANi nanofibers was benefitted for skeletal muscle maturity of satellite cells and successfully created an assembly of 3D micro muscle tissues.207