Synthesis, physical properties of X-shape naphthalene-cored π-conjugated oligomers

A series of X-shape naphthalene-cored π-conjugated oligomers were synthesized by Suzuki cross-coupling and Knoevenagel condensation reaction. Their geometric and electronic structures have been fully characterized. These molecules showed rich photophysical properties and electrochemical behaviors, which can be finely tunable by the separate chemical modification on the horizontal and vertical directions of the naphthalene core.