Synthetic strategies and porphyrin building blocks for unsymmetrical multichromophores

A sequential use of halogenation, SNAr, Sonogashira and/or Suzuki couplings together with the use of either mono-5-, 5,15- or 5,10-di-meso-substituted porphyrins allows the facile construction of unsymmetrical porphyrin dimers and trimers with different spatial orientation. The protocols established allow a convenient entry into multichromophores suitable for application in nonlinear optics and biomedicine.