CFD simulations of steady drift and yaw motions in deep and shallow water

In this paper, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of steady ship motions at different drift angles, yaw rates, rudder angles, and their combinations are carried out for KRISO Very Large Crude Carrier 2 (KVLCC2) tanker ship. The simulations are conducted with the commercial steady state Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) flow solver SHIPFLOW®. The hydrodynamic forces in horizontal plane and the moment around the vertical axis acting on the ship are determined in deep- and shallow water. Resulting forces and moment are compared to experimental data found in literature. Influence of the water depth is shown with the forces and moment, with the velocity and the turbulent kinetic energy behind the ship and with the pressure distribution on the hull.