Angiogenic effects of low-intensity cathodal direct current on ischemic diabetic foot ulcers: A randomized controlled trial

Low-intensity CDC has positive effects on the release of HIF-1α and VEGF in the wound area of ischemic DFUs. Furthermore, our results suggest that applying ES to ischemic DFUs can be a promising way to promote angiogenesis and to achieve better outcomes in diabetic wound healing.