Accuracy of urethral frozen section during radical cystectomy for bladder cancer

A negative urethral FS reliably identifies individuals for whom urethrectomy is unnecessary and provides robust information for decision-making regarding the safety of orthotopic reconstruction. Nearly half of the patients with a positive FS were ultimately determined to have a negative final margin. Accordingly, we recommend that surgeons and pathologists discuss positive FS findings at the time of surgery and consider whether additional tissue should be analyzed in real time.