کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
5751137 1619707 2017 11 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Household air pollution from various types of rural kitchens and its exposure assessment
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
آلودگی هوا خانگی از انواع آشپزخانه های روستایی و ارزیابی قرار گرفتن در معرض آن
کلمات کلیدی
سوخت جامد سوخت زیستی، الگوی فعالیت زمان، آشپزخانه روستایی، فرزندان، شاخص قرار گرفتن در معرض، فاکتور خطر
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم محیط زیست شیمی زیست محیطی
چکیده انگلیسی


- Realtime PM2.5/CO levels are reported during cooking & non-cooking hours.
- Cowdung use in indoor kitchen produces four time more pollutants than LPG kitchen.
- Biomass fuel users have highest exposure index i.e. increasing risk to vulnerable population.
- Levels of PM2.5 and CO far exceed national outdoor and WHO IAQ guidelines.
- Evaluation of hazard quotient reveals greater health risk amongst SBF users.

Exposure to household air pollutants has become a leading environmental health risk in developing countries. Considering this, real-time temporal variation in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations were measured in various types of rural household kitchens. Observed average concentrations of PM2.5, CO, percent relative humidity (%RH) and temperature (T) in five different kitchen types were 549.6 μg/m3, 4.2 ppm, 70.2% and 20 °C respectively. Highest CO and PM2.5 concentration were found in household performing cooking in indoor kitchens (CO: 9.3 ppm; PM2.5: 696.5 μg/m3) followed by outdoor kitchens (CO: 5.8 ppm; PM2.5: 539.5 μg/m3). The concentration of PM2.5 and CO varied according to the fuel type and highest concentration was observed in kitchens using cowdung cakes followed by agricultural residue > firewood > biogas > Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). Results revealed that the pollutants concentration varied with kitchen type, fuel type and the location of kitchen. An exposure index was developed to calculate the exposure of cook, non-cook and children below 5 years. Analysis of exposure index values shows that cooks, who use solid biomass fuel (SBF) in indoor kitchen, are four times more exposed to the harmful pollutants than the cooks using clean fuel. Further, using indoor PM2.5 concentrations, hazard quotient was calculated based on evaluation of intake concentration and toxicological risk, which also shows that SBF users have higher health risks (hazard quotient > 1) than the clean fuel (LPG) users.

386

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Science of The Total Environment - Volume 586, 15 May 2017, Pages 419-429
نویسندگان
, , , ,