Gross and histopathological changes associated with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior in a kitten

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus affects the respiratory system of domestic cats worldwide, causing different clinical signs. Recently, Troglostrongylus brevior, a parasite found only in feral and wild animals until 2010, has been regarded as a cause of potentially severe bronchopneumonia in domestic cats. The life cycle of both nematodes involves the same intermediate (i.e. land mollusks) and paratenic hosts (i.e. lizards, birds and small mammals). Biological and epidemiological drivers may cause the spreading of A. abstrusus along with a possible emergence of T. brevior from marginal areas and limited hosts. Given the merit in increasing knowledge on these potentially emerging nematodes, the present paper describes clinical features and the first post mortem gross and histopathological observations in a case of mixed infection by A. abstrusus and T. brevior in a kitten.