NF-κB, JNK and p53 pathways are involved in tubeimoside-1-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells with oxidative stress and G2/M cell cycle arrest

► Tubeimoside-1 is toxic to seven human carcinoma cell lines. ► Tubeimoside-1 is able to induce apoptosis in HepG2 cell line. ► Both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways are involved in the apoptosis process. ► ROS accumulation and G2/M cell cycle arrest were also observed. ► The signaling regulation of TNF-α, NF-κB, JNK and p53 was involved.