Risk assessment of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in the Netherlands

► The number of incidents associated with GHB proved to be relatively high. ► Repeatedly 'passing out' due to GHB may impair cognition and memory. ► The prevalence of GHB use is relatively low and treatment demand is small. ► The overall risk potential of GHB use estimated as moderate to high. ► Based on this assessment GHB was categorized in the Netherlands as a hard drug.