کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
5857658 | 1132019 | 2013 | 11 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Acute inhalation toxicity of ammonia: Revisiting the importance of RD50 and LCT01/50 relationships for setting emergency response guideline values
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
بهداشت، سم شناسی و جهش زایی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Acute inhalation toxicity of ammonia: Revisiting the importance of RD50 and LCT01/50 relationships for setting emergency response guideline values Acute inhalation toxicity of ammonia: Revisiting the importance of RD50 and LCT01/50 relationships for setting emergency response guideline values](/preview/png/5857658.png)
چکیده انگلیسی
This study examined the acute median lethal concentration (LC50) and the non-lethal threshold concentration (LC01) of ammonia in male and female Wistar rats nose-only exposed at exposure durations of either 1 or 4Â h. Additional attributes characterizing the acute toxicity of inhaled ammonia were determined during a post-exposure period of 2Â weeks. The objective of this study is to further refine the methodology applied to derive Emergency Response Planning Guideline (ERPG) values on potent sensory irritants in a controlled rat bioassay. In the more susceptible male rats the 1- and 4-h LC50 (LC01) were 12,303 (10,067) and 4923 (4028)Â mg/m3, respectively. At sublethal exposure levels the ventilation of rats was about one third of normal breathing. This change in ventilation and inhalation dosimetry was adjusted for Cxt-dependent lethal endpoints whereas sensory irritation-related phenomena were C-dependently adjusted. In summary, the outcome of this study shows that C- and CÂ ÃÂ t-dependent causes of toxicity need to be appreciated when extrapolating across species with species-specific inhalation dosimetry. It also appears to be indispensable that each exposure metric must be disentangled when translating CÂ ÃÂ t-dependent lethality and reflexively-induced, sensation-based C-dependent point of departures. For one hour exposure periods, these PODs were derived to be 1500 and 500Â ppm, respectively.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology - Volume 66, Issue 3, August 2013, Pages 315-325
Journal: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology - Volume 66, Issue 3, August 2013, Pages 315-325
نویسندگان
Jürgen Pauluhn,