Arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in TM4 Sertoli cells: The potential involvement of p21 expression and p53 phosphorylation

► First study on cytotoxic action mechanism of arsenic trioxide in non-cancer cells. ► Involvement of both caspase-dependent and -independent apoptotic pathways. ► Showing antiapoptotic role of p21 in arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis. ► The importance of p53 phosphorylation in arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis.