Bio-active engineered 50Â nm silica nanoparticles with bone anabolic activity: Therapeutic index, effective concentration, and cytotoxicity profile in vitro

A therapeutic index for silica-based 50 nm nanoparticles was established by generating an in vitro lethal concentration 50 (LC50) in 15 different cell types and effective concentration 50 (EC50) in cells involved in skeletal metabolism.