Effects of ovariectomy on the changes in microarchitecture and material level properties in response to hind leg disuse in female rats

► Neurectomy and ovariectomy have an additive effect on bone volume alteration. ► Neurectomy with or without ovariectomy markedly alter material level properties. ► The alteration of materiel level property remains intervention dependent. ► Nanoindentation technique may help to fully characterize the effects of various bone diseases or drugs.