Risk factors for falls in a longitudinal population-based cohort study of Japanese men and women: The ROAD Study

► We examined the associations of physical performance and bone and joint diseases with falls using a longitudinal population-based study. ► Knee pain was a risk factor for multiple falls in women, but not in men. ► Vertebral fracture tended to be associated with multiple falls in women, but not in men. ► Risk factors for falls were a longer walking time in women, whereas a longer chair stand time in men.