High tea and vegetable consumption is associated with low ADMA generation in older healthy subjects

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) has been recognized as a marker of cardiovascular risk. We sought to investigate whether consumption of tea, coffee, fruit or vegetables is associated with ADMA. In 148 consecutive apparently healthy subjects (104 men and 44 women aged 40 to 70), daily tea, coffee, fruit and vegetable consumption was ascertained by questionnaire. Plasma ADMA, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), and l-arginine levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Median tea and coffee consumption was 2 cups/d, while vegetable and fruit intake was 152 (120-179) g/d and 120 (108-134) g/d, respectively. Median plasma ADMA, SDMA and arginine were 0.47 (0.43-0.53) μmol/L, 0.59 (0.54-0.66) μmol/L and 86 (68-101) μmol/L, respectively. ADMA correlated inversely with tea (r = −0.70, P < .0001) and vegetable consumption (r = −0.50, P < .0001) even after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, and potential dietary and biochemical parameters. No association between ADMA and fruit consumption was found. ADMA correlated positively with coffee intake (r = 0.37, P < .0001), although these associations were less potent after adjustment for dietary factors. Higher tea and vegetable intake is associated with lower plasma ADMA levels in healthy middle-aged subjects.