Mutation analysis in pfmdr1 and pfmrp1 as potential candidate genes for artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates 4Â years after implementation of artemisinin combination therapy in Iran

► SNPs in pfmdr1/pfmrp1 was examined in P. falciparum after 4 years of introducing SP-artesunate in Iran. ► pfmdr1 86Y (46%) and 184F (2%) mutations were detected in the examined samples. ► In pfmrp1 gene, 191Y (76.5%), 437A (69.5%), 876V (64.5%) and 1390I (17%) mutations were detected. ► All isolates harbored a single copy of the Pfmdr1 gene. ► No mutations associated with ACT resistance significantly changed 4 years after adoption of ACT in Iran.