Polypyrrole coating films for nanoparticles

- Surface polymerization produces stiff, adherent and conductive films.
- Surface polymerization stops after the catalytic centers on substrates get masked.
- Volume polymerization arises above a reactant concentration threshold.
- Volume polymerization yields soft and poorly conductive film if uncompressed.
- Both the polypyrrole polymerization reactions follow a second-order kinetics.