Tetradecylphosphonic acid modified BaTiO3 nanoparticles and its nanocomposite

• 1-Tetradecylphosphonic acid (TDPA) with soft carbon chain was synthesized and used to functionalize the surface of BaTiO3 nanoparticles.
• The dispersion of BaTiO3 nanoparticles in several kinds of solvents was improved after functionalization.
• TDPA–BaTiO3/PVDF nanocomposite film presents good flexibility even at high volume fraction of 40 vol.%.
• TDPA–BaTiO3/PVDF nanocomposite film exhibits high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss.

Surface-functionalization of BaTiO3 nanoparticles and subsequent utilization of simple solution casting to yield the good compatible PVDF nanocomposites were investigated. 1-Tetradecylphosphonic acid (TDPA) was synthesized and then used to functionalize the surface of BaTiO3 nanoparticles. The prepared TDPA–BaTiO3 nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). These results indicated that the surface of nanoparticles was grafted successfully with such phosphonic acid. Also, the existing ligands of surface were examined, and the coverage onto surface of BaTiO3 nanoparticles evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was 25.1%. The dispersion of modified nanoparticles in ethanol and dichloromethane was significantly improved. Besides of good flexibility, PVDF nanocomposite film with volume fraction of 40 vol.% modified nanofillers exhibited high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss.

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