کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
6017088 1186477 2016 11 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Astrocyte roles in traumatic brain injury
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
نقش آستروسیت در آسیب مغزی آسیب دیده
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی عصب شناسی
چکیده انگلیسی
Astrocytes sense changes in neural activity and extracellular space composition. In response, they exert homeostatic mechanisms critical for maintaining neural circuit function, such as buffering neurotransmitters, modulating extracellular osmolarity and calibrating neurovascular coupling. In addition to upholding normal brain activities, astrocytes respond to diverse forms of brain injury with heterogeneous and progressive changes of gene expression, morphology, proliferative capacity and function that are collectively referred to as reactive astrogliosis. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) sets in motion complex events in which noxious mechanical forces cause tissue damage and disrupt central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, which in turn trigger diverse multi-cellular responses that evolve over time and can lead either to neural repair or secondary cellular injury. In response to TBI, astrocytes in different cellular microenvironments tune their reactivity to varying degrees of axonal injury, vascular disruption, ischemia and inflammation. Here we review different forms of TBI-induced astrocyte reactivity and the functional consequences of these responses for TBI pathobiology. Evidence regarding astrocyte contribution to post-traumatic tissue repair and synaptic remodeling is examined, and the potential for targeting specific aspects of astrogliosis to ameliorate TBI sequelae is considered.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Experimental Neurology - Volume 275, Part 3, January 2016, Pages 305-315
نویسندگان
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