Proteomic identification of hippocampal proteins vulnerable to oxidative stress in excitotoxin-induced acute neuronal injury

► Protein carbonylation occurred in rat hippocampus during excitotoxin-induced seizures. ► Protein damage was detected 3 h after kainate injection with cellular changes. ► Proteomic analysis highlighted several consistently carbonylated proteins. ► Molecular chaperones are targets of carbonylation. ► Proteins maintaining cellular/mitochondrial structure are another group of targets.