Learned host preference in a Chagas disease vector, Rhodnius prolixus

► Triatomines modify their host preference as a result of individual experience. ► Hence, host defensive behaviour and learning, both affect host preference. ► Chagas vectors are able to discriminate hosts through their specific odour blends. ► Rhodnius is capable to recall in a context the information learnt in a different one. ► First demonstration of olfactory conditioning to host odour-blends in disease vectors.