Evaluation of a generic RT-nested-PCR for detection of flaviviruses in suspected fatal cases of dengue infection, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

► The effectiveness of a generic RT-nested-PCR for detection of flavivirus during a dengue outbreak in Brazil, 2008 was evaluated. ► The performance of the generic and conventional RT-PCRs and IgM serology in serum samples stratified by the day of onset of symptoms were examined. ► The results indicate that different methods should be included in flavivirus surveillance programs, including virological and serological tests.