Mutations in VP2 and VP1 capsid proteins increase infectivity and mouse lethality of enterovirus 71 by virus binding and RNA accumulation enhancement

► EV71 capsid region determining viral infectivity and mouse lethality. ► VP2149M and VP1145E showed greater viral infectivity and cytotoxicity. ► VP2149M and VP1145E synergistically enhanced viral binding and RNA accumulation. ► VP2149M and VP1145E markedly reduced value of 50% lethal dose in vivo.