High-Grade Neuroendocrine Carcinoma with Bronchial Intraepithelial Tumor Spread

The results of this study suggest that bronchial intraepithelial tumor spread is commonly observed in cases of peripherally located HGNEC and may be a unique form of tumor invasion, especially tumors with LCNEC morphology. Therefore, surgeons and pathologists should be cognizant of bronchial intraepithelial tumor spread in peripherally located HGNEC, as well as its potential role as an indicator of HGNEC aggressiveness.