Quadri-pulse stimulation (QPS) induced LTP/LTD was not affected by Val66Met polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene

▶ QPS induces bidirectional plastic changes in the human motor cortex. ▶ QPS induces LTP/LTD similarly in any types of Val66Met BDNF polymorphism. ▶ QPS is superior to other stimulations because it is unaffected by the BDNF polymorphism. ▶ QPS may have much clinical utility because of its stable long term effects.