کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
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6286439 | 1298106 | 2011 | 8 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |

Edaravone is a brain-penetrant free radical scavenger that is known to ameliorate postischemic neuronal dysfunction. The transcription factor Nrf2 plays an important role in the coordinated expression of stress-inducible genes. Here we examined the effects of edaravone and carnosic acid (CA), an Nrf2-inducer, on the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) in human astrocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation. Cultured astrocytes were exposed to hypoxia for up to 4.5 h and then treated with edaravone and/or CA under normoxia (reoxygenation) for up to 72 h. Edaravone (â¼1 mM) and CA (â¼50 μM) treatment synergistically enhanced NGF expression. Nrf2 knockdown by siRNA and the inhibition of JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) by SP600125 decreased both CA-induced NGF expression and Nrf2 nuclear accumulation and suppressed their synergistic effect on NGF expression. In contrast, the MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase) inhibitor U0126 suppressed the synergism without inhibiting CA-induced NGF expression. These results suggest that the synergistic effects of CA and edaravone depend, at least partially, on JNK-dependent Nrf2 accumulation (induced by CA) and on MEK-dependent pathways (induced by edaravone). We conclude that the use of edaravone and CA in combination may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of brain damage, particularly ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Research highlightsâ¶ Edaravone and carnosic acid significantly enhance NGF expression in human astrocytes. â¶ This effect is observed during hypoxia/reoxygenation as well as under normoxia. â¶ Nrf2, JNK and MEK-ERK pathways are essential for this synergistic effect. â¶ The combined use of edaravone and carnosic acid may have a therapeutic potential. â¶ It may increase endogenous NGF levels during ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Journal: Neuroscience Research - Volume 69, Issue 4, April 2011, Pages 291-298