Effects of simulated acid rain, EDTA, or their combination, on migration and chemical fraction distribution of extraneous metals in Ferrosol

► Simulated acid rain leaching promoted the migration of Bi, In and Pb. ► Addition of EDTA significantly enhanced the migration of all six metals. ► Migration of metals was increased by increasing their dissolved and exchangeable fractions. ► The availability of metals was higher in leached contaminated soil than in natural soil. ► Among the studied metals, Pb posed a higher risk than its alternative metals.