کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
6327621 | 1619766 | 2015 | 14 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Rainfall erosivity in Europe
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
فرسایش خاک در اروپا
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
چکیده انگلیسی
Rainfall is one the main drivers of soil erosion. The erosive force of rainfall is expressed as rainfall erosivity. Rainfall erosivity considers the rainfall amount and intensity, and is most commonly expressed as the R-factor in the USLE model and its revised version, RUSLE. At national and continental levels, the scarce availability of data obliges soil erosion modellers to estimate this factor based on rainfall data with only low temporal resolution (daily, monthly, annual averages). The purpose of this study is to assess rainfall erosivity in Europe in the form of the RUSLE R-factor, based on the best available datasets. Data have been collected from 1541 precipitation stations in all European Union (EU) Member States and Switzerland, with temporal resolutions of 5 to 60 min. The R-factor values calculated from precipitation data of different temporal resolutions were normalised to R-factor values with temporal resolutions of 30 min using linear regression functions. Precipitation time series ranged from a minimum of 5 years to a maximum of 40 years. The average time series per precipitation station is around 17.1 years, the most datasets including the first decade of the 21st century. Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) has been used to interpolate the R-factor station values to a European rainfall erosivity map at 1 km resolution. The covariates used for the R-factor interpolation were climatic data (total precipitation, seasonal precipitation, precipitation of driest/wettest months, average temperature), elevation and latitude/longitude. The mean R-factor for the EU plus Switzerland is 722 MJ mm haâ 1 hâ 1 yrâ 1, with the highest values (> 1000 MJ mm haâ 1 hâ 1 yrâ 1) in the Mediterranean and alpine regions and the lowest (< 500 MJ mm haâ 1 hâ 1 yrâ 1) in the Nordic countries. The erosivity density (erosivity normalised to annual precipitation amounts) was also the highest in Mediterranean regions which implies high risk for erosive events and floods.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Science of The Total Environment - Volume 511, 1 April 2015, Pages 801-814
Journal: Science of The Total Environment - Volume 511, 1 April 2015, Pages 801-814
نویسندگان
Panos Panagos, Cristiano Ballabio, Pasquale Borrelli, Katrin Meusburger, Andreas Klik, Svetla Rousseva, Melita PerÄec TadiÄ, Silas Michaelides, Michaela HrabalÃková, Preben Olsen, Juha Aalto, Mónika Lakatos, Anna Rymszewicz, Alexandru Dumitrescu,