کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
6327814 | 1619769 | 2015 | 13 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Iodinated contrast media electro-degradation: Process performance and degradation pathways
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
تجزیه الکتریکی متانول کنتراست یددار: عملکرد فرایند و مسیرهای تخریب شده
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کلمات کلیدی
مواد کنتراست یددار، تجزیه الکتریکی، بی جان، فاضلاب دارویی، سمی بودن
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
چکیده انگلیسی
The electrochemical degradation of six of the most widely used iodinated contrast media was investigated. Batch experiments were performed under constant current conditions using two DSA® electrodes (titanium coated with a proprietary and patented mixed metal oxide solution of precious metals such as iridium, ruthenium, platinum, rhodium and tantalum). The degradation removal never fell below 85% (at a current density of 64Â mA/cm2 with a reaction time of 150Â min) when perchlorate was used as the supporting electrolyte; however, when sulphate was used, the degradation performance was above 80% (at a current density of 64Â mA/cm2 with a reaction time of 150Â min) for all of the compounds studied. Three main degradation pathways were identified, namely, the reductive de-iodination of the aromatic ring, the reduction of alkyl aromatic amides to simple amides and the de-acylation of N-aromatic amides to produce aromatic amines. However, as amidotrizoate is an aromatic carboxylate, this is added via the decarboxylation reaction. The investigation did not reveal toxicity except for the lower current density used, which has shown a modest toxicity, most likely for some reaction intermediates that are not further degraded. In order to obtain total removal of the contrast media, it was necessary to employ a current intensity between 118 and 182Â mA/cm2 with energy consumption higher than 370Â kWh/m3. Overall, the electrochemical degradation was revealed to be a reliable process for the treatment of iodinated contrast media that can be found in contaminated waters such as hospital wastewater or pharmaceutical waste-contaminated streams.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Science of The Total Environment - Volumes 506â507, 15 February 2015, Pages 631-643
Journal: Science of The Total Environment - Volumes 506â507, 15 February 2015, Pages 631-643
نویسندگان
Guido Del Moro, Carlo Pastore, Claudio Di Iaconi, Giuseppe Mascolo,