Degradation of antipyrine by heat activated persulfate

Sulfate radicals (SO4-) was the principal oxidizing agent responsible for the antipyrine degradation in heat activated persulfate system. The chloride ion could enhance the degradation when the molar ratio of chloride to persulfate was 10:1 and inhibition was observed when this ratio was higher. More alkalinity species and more dissolved organic matter would lead to greater inhibition in degradation rate, while HCO3- lead to greater inhibition than Cl− on antipyrine degradation under the same molar ratio to PS. Sulfate radicals (SO4-) predominant under acidic conditions and the hydroxyl radicals (OH) predominant under basic conditions in heat activated persulfate system. Anaerobic condition could improve the degradation rate for the generation of hydroperoxide (O2-) together with more SO4-. Constitute of water should be monitored and considered for better degradation of contaminants in a field application of heat activated persulfate system.