Effect of charge dilution on gaseous and particulate emissions from a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel and biodiesel blended with methanol and ethanol

► We study the effect of charge dilution on gaseous and particulate emissions of biodiesel engine. ► The application of charge dilution contributes to a reduction in NOx but there is an associated increase in CO, HC and particulate emissions. ► The particle number concentration increase with charge dilution, especially in larger ones. ► If the biodiesel fuel is replaced with methanol-biodiesel blends or ethanol-biodiesel blends, the adverse effects could be reduced while the NOx reduction can be enhanced.