In situ prepared copper nanoparticles on modified KIT-5 as an efficient recyclable catalyst and its applications in click reactions in water

• In situ CuI nanoparticle onto modified KIT-5 silica mesopore was synthesized successfully.
• The CuI nanoparticles were homogeneously immobilized on surface in acetonitrile solvent.
• Nanocatalyst efficiently catalyzed the click reaction of various 1,2,3-triazole derivatives.
• Water was chosen as a green solvent in click reaction.
• Comparative DFT calculations on catalyst was performed in two different solution phases.

A novel heterogeneous copper nano catalyst supported on modified silica mesopore KIT-5 was successfully prepared. The 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) on KIT-5 was coordinated with copper(I) and accurately characterized. In addition a comparative survey on the metal-ligand interactions in the syntheses of catalyst in two different solvents via density functional theory calculations was performed. A one-pot procedure for syntheses of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives via a three-component reaction between terminal alkynes, alkyl halides, and sodium azide, namely click reaction in the presences of 3 mol% nanoparticles copper/APTES-KIT-5 (Cu/AK) as a catalyst was developed to give the products in good to excellent yields. This catalyst showed high catalytic activity in water as a “green” solvent. This reaction was performed under open air conditions and required no special reaction conditions and chromatographic separation for purification.

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