Phosphine-free atmospheric carbonylation of aryl iodides with aniline derivatives in the presence of a reusable silica-supported palladium catalyst

• Phosphine-free silica supported palladium catalysts were prepared.
• Silica support was modified with grafted imidazolium chloride.
• Optimisation of immobilisation was carried out.
• Selective synthesis of N-arylamides was achieved under atmospheric conditions.
• The catalyst was reused with small loss of activity.

Various palladium catalysts were obtained by the immobilisation of palladium on silica, modified with imidazolium salts. The efficiency of the catalysts was greatly dependent on the choice of the anion of the imidazolium salt, the palladium precursor and on the conditions of heterogenisation. Palladium acetate immobilised on silica with grafted imidazolium chloride moieties was shown to be a selective and recyclable catalyst for atmospheric aminocarbonylation of aryl iodides with aromatic amines in DMF. It was proved that the greater loss of palladium in DMSO can be explained by the formation of soluble palladium complexes.

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