A study of the factors influencing the performance of ternary MEH-PPV:porphyrin:PCBM heterojunction devices: Electronic effects in porphyrinoid ternary blend bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices

► OPV devices containing a series of porphyrins and N-confused porphyrins are prepared. ► The HOMO energy of the porphyrinoid and device performance correlate. ► Porphyrinoids act as hole traps in OPVs. ► Modification of the porphyinoids can systematically alleviate hole trapping.