Ecological forestry in an uneven-aged, late-successional forest: Simulated effects of contrasting treatments on structure and yield

► We simulated 22 ecological forestry treatments in uneven-aged forests. ► Compared to single-tree selection, yields declined 9-55% depending on treatment. ► Yield declines were not less than previous results for early successional species. ► Raised maximum diameters best balanced ecological values and yield reduction.