Non-destructive modification on Nafion membrane via in-situ inserting of sheared graphene oxide for direct methanol fuel cell applications

A non-detractive swelling-filling method is applied for SGO composition with Nafion membrane, proton/methanol selectivity of Nafion membrane is ca. 4-folds increased with both proton conductivity and methanol resistivity improved. Output power of the DMFC was therefore facilely enhanced by more than 50%.164