PVP-stabilized palladium nanoparticles electrochemically obtained as effective catalysts in aqueous medium Suzuki–Miyaura reaction

In this paper the synthesis of stable palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) by electrochemical methods at room temperature is reported. Direct electroreduction of H2PdCl4 aqueous solution in the presence of poly-(N-vinyl-2-pirrolydone) (PVP) onto platinum electrodes was performed by the application of a constant current density pulse. By simultaneous stirring of the electrolyte, the NPs formed on the electrode surface were stabilized with PVP in the solution. The resulting PdNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and the total content of palladium was analytically determined by atomic absorption measurements. The average size of the NPs (in the range of 10–22 nm) was tuned by changing the current density applied. The PdNPs prepared by this methodology exhibited highly efficient catalytic activity on Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction in aqueous medium. Particularly high turnover numbers (TON up to 104–105) were achieved by these PVP-stabilized PdNPs with aryl iodides and bromides.

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► PVP-stabilized PdNPs were synthesized by simple and fast electrochemical approach.
► Control of PdNPs average size regulated by changes in the applied current density.
► Outstanding catalytic activity in the Suzuki coupling reaction in aqueous solvent.
► Remarkable high turnover numbers (TON up to 104–105) and stability of catalysts.
► The catalyst could be reused for five times with no significant loss of activity.