Carbon Electrode for Nonaqueous Li-O2 Battery: the Influence of Surface Oxygen Species

- Oxygen species on carbon surface was regulated by heat treatment method.
- Oxygen species will weaken the stability of carbon/electrolyte interface.
- Oxygen species show promoting effect on oxygen reduction reaction.
- The pore structure of carbon materials was optimized and showed higher pore volume utilization.
- Carbon electrode with lower oxygen amount cast nearly 1.3 times higher capacity.