A High Power Density Dual-electrolyte Lithium-Silver Battery with Celgard® 2325 Separator

This paper presents a dual-electrolyte lithium-silver battery by using Celgard® to separate organic electrolyte and aqueous electrolyte. Such type of battery can output a maximum power density of 29.9 mW cm−2 (or denoted as 915 W kg−1), and can also deliver high energy density (650 Wh kg−1) at 1 mA cm−2. The power density obtained is about 2 times higher than that of dual-electrolyte Li-air battery with the NASICON-type lithium-ion conducting solid electrolyte. The high power density performance is main attributed to the low area-specific impedance of Celgard® 2325 (5.6 Ω cm−2) which soaked in 1 M LiClO4 in PC/DMC. The infrared spectra results of fresh Celgard® 2325 sample and with above-mentioned organic electrolyte and aqueous electrolyte treatment, respectively, indicate that Celgard® 2325 is chemically stable in used electrolyte condition. In addition, the capacity utilization efficiency of the battery active materials is about 93%, indicating the Celgard® 2325 possesses obvious water-proof property at all of used discharge operation condition.