Non-graphitic PPy-based carbon nanotubes anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Non-graphitic carbon nanotubes (NGCNTs) are successfully prepared by carbonization of polypyrrole (PPy) nanotubes precursor synthesized via a self-assembly process. It is observed from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that the diameter and length of the NGCNTs are 100-200 nm and 2-10 μm, respectively. The electrochemical performances of the NGCNTs are evaluated by cyclic voltammograms and galvanostatic discharge-charge cycling. The results show that NGCNTs deliver an initial reversible capacity of 635.7 mAh g−1 at current density of 100 mA g−1 with a high capacity retention ratio of 85.7% after 150 cycles. Even up to 4 A g−1, the reversible capacity of NGCNTs remains in 280.1 mAh g−1. The improved performance of NGCNTs is attributed to the non-graphitic form, tubular morphology and cross-linked conducting networks. Therefore, it is a potential anode material for lithium-ion battery.