Cold start emissions of an ethanol-fuelled engine with heated intake air and fuel

► Heated intake air and ethanol reduces raw exhaust HC and CO emissions. ► Raw exhaust NOX emissions are slightly reduced with heated intake air and ethanol. ► Heated intake air and ethanol increases HC and CO catalytic converter efficiency. ► NOX catalytic reduction efficiency is unaltered by heated intake air and ethanol. ► Post-catalytic aldehydes are not altered by heated intake air and ethanol.