A kinetic description of Pd electrodeposition under mixed control of charge transfer and diffusion

► Pd deposition at mixed control region includes: adsorption, ion transfer reaction & 3D progressive nucleation. ► The analysis of CTTs at short times was performed with the model proposed by Milchev and Zapryanova. ► The reduction reaction of Pd(II) → Pd(I), as an ion transfer reaction, occurs before the formation of Pd nucleus.