H3+xPMo12−xVxO40 (heteropolyacids)-catalyzed regioselective nitration of phenol to o-nitrophenol in heterogeneous system

Mononitration of phenol was examined, using nitric acid in the presence of heteropolyacids H3+xPMo12−xVxO40 (x = 1–3) in different solvents. In all cases heteropolyacid with x = 3 gave the highest yield by using carbon tetrachloride as solvent. The effects of various parameters such as concentration of phenol, solvent, temperature and time of reaction have been studied.

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