Numerical simulation of molten metal droplet transfer and weld pool convection during gas metal arc welding using incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics method

The weld pool convection and the bead formation in a gas metal arc welding were simulated by a three-dimensional incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics method. Moreover, the ensemble average processing was carried out to investigate dynamic changes of the velocity field of a weld pool. From these results, it was formed that the droplet transfer affected the velocity field of the weld pool, especially the region which was about 3 mm from a weld pool surface in the vertical direction and about ± 5 mm from center of the heat source in the horizontal direction.