The strengthening effect of a static magnetic field on activated sludge activity at low temperature

The figure shows the TTC-DHA, main species of unsaturated fatty acids in microbial cell membrane at 5 °C (%), and the AFM image of activated sludge strengthening with magnetic field which provides information about the cell membrane unsaturated fatty acid composition and low temperature response of microorganism enzymatic activity at 5 °C. It is a concise and illustrative application of PLFA analysis to reflect the composition of activated sludge in response to a magnetic field.