Evaluation of hydrothermal treatment in enhancing rice straw compost stability and maturity

In order to evaluate the hydrothermal treatment (HTT) in enhancing compost stability and maturity of lignocellulosic agricultural residues, a bin-scale (90 L) composting of rice straw with and without “HTT” was performed. The rice straw compost product with “HTT” after 6 weeks of composting can be considered stable and adequate for field application as expressed by pH of 8.4, “EC value” of 2.96 dS m−1, C/N ratio of 12.5, microbial activity of <8.05 mg CO2 g−1 OM d−1, NH4+-N content of 93.75 mg kg−1 DM and finally, by “GI” of >83%. However, compost may prove phytotoxic if used as growing media for EC sensitive plants. As for rice straw compost product without “HTT”, the high microbial activity (>12.28 mg CO2 g−1 OM d−1) even after 14 weeks of composting suggests that the residue has not stabilized yet and is far away from stability and maturity, although a higher GI (>100%) was observed.