Investigation of thermodynamic parameters in the pyrolysis conversion of biomass and manure to biochars using thermogravimetric analysis

- The thermal conversion of biomass and manure to biochars is characterized by TG-DTG.
- Changes of activation energy (Ea) are well described by the Flynn-Wall method.
- The contributions of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin constituents are quantified.
- The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔG° and ΔS°) were calculated.
- Mineral in manure acts as a barrier to hinder heat diffusion in biochar preparation.