Feedback-controlled LED photobioreactor for photophysiological studies of cyanobacteria

► Feedback-controlled illumination compensates for culture dynamics. ► Auto-adjusting dilution maintains maximal growth at a fixed culture density. ► Defined light profiles improve steady-state comparisons. ► High-resolution real-time monitoring shows acclimation and perturbation responses. ► In-situ performance of light-saturation curves avoids sampling bias.